Summary

• Description:

  The PDF document comprises a complete set of Physics Form 2 Notes, covering all major topics for the year.

  The topics and sub-topics covered in the document include:

  1. Magnetism

     • Introduction to magnets, differentiating between natural (lodestone) and artificial magnets.

     • Classification of materials as magnetic (ferromagnetic) and non-magnetic (paramagnetic, diamagnetic).

     • Properties of magnets, the concept of magnetic fields, and how to plot field patterns around magnets and current-carrying conductors.

     • Methods for making magnets (induction, stroking, electrical method), demagnetization, and proper care for magnets.

     • The domain theory of magnetism is used to explain how materials become magnetized.

  2. Measurement II

     • Focuses on precision measurement of length using instruments like Vernier calipers and the micrometer screw gauge.

     • Provides detailed explanations on how to read the scales of these instruments, complete with diagrams and worked examples.

     • Includes a method for estimating the size of a molecule using the oil drop experiment.

  3. Turning Effect of a Force

     • Defines the moment of a force as its turning effect.

     • Explains the Law of Moments (Principle of Moments), which states that for a body in equilibrium, the sum of clockwise moments equals the sum of anti-clockwise moments.

     • Applies the principle to levers, with worked examples to calculate forces and distances.

  4. Equilibrium and Centre of Gravity

     • Defines the centre of gravity (C.G) as the point through which the total weight of a body appears to act.

     • States the two conditions for equilibrium under the action of parallel forces.

     • Discusses the concept of stability and the factors affecting it (base area and position of C.G.).

     • Describes the three states of equilibrium: stable, unstable, and neutral.

  5. Reflection at Curved Surfaces

     • Introduces concave (converging) and convex (diverging) mirrors.

     • Defines key terms such as principal axis, principal focus, and center of curvature.

     • Uses ray diagrams to illustrate how images are formed by both types of mirrors depending on the object's position, and describes the characteristics of the images formed (e.g., real/virtual, inverted/erect, magnified/diminished).

     • Lists applications of curved mirrors, such as in shaving mirrors and driving mirrors.

  6. Magnetic Effect of an Electric Current

     • Begins with Oersted's discovery of the magnetic effect of a current.

     • Explains how to determine the direction of the magnetic field around a current-carrying wire (Right-Hand Grip Rule) and a solenoid.

     • Discusses electromagnets and their applications, including the electric bell and the telephone receiver.

     • Covers the force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field, explained by Fleming's Left-Hand Rule, and its application in the simple D.C. motor.

  7. Hooke's Law

     • States Hooke's Law, where the extension of a spring is directly proportional to the applied force within the elastic limit.

     • Introduces the spring constant (k) as a measure of stiffness and discusses the factors that affect it.

     • Includes worked examples for calculating extension and forces in spring systems.

  8. Waves I

     • Defines a wave as a disturbance that transfers energy and distinguishes between mechanical and electromagnetic waves.

     • Describes transverse waves (with crests and troughs) and longitudinal waves (with compressions and rarefactions).

     • Explains key characteristics of waves: wavelength, frequency, period, and amplitude, and introduces the wave equation (v = fλ).

  9. Sound

     • Identifies sound as a longitudinal wave and describes the sonic spectrum (audio, ultrasonic, infrasonic).

     • Explains that sound requires a medium for transmission.

     • Covers characteristics of sound such as intensity, loudness, pitch, and quality (timbre), as well as fundamental tones and harmonics.

     • Discusses echoes as reflected sound waves and the factors affecting the speed of sound.

  10. Fluid Flow

      • Introduces the concepts of streamline and turbulent flow.

      • Explains the Equation of Continuity (A₁v₁ = A₂v₂), showing that fluid speed increases as the cross-sectional area of a pipe decreases.

      • States Bernoulli's principle, which relates pressure, kinetic energy, and potential energy in a flowing fluid, leading to the conclusion that pressure is lower where speed is higher.

      • Details applications of Bernoulli's principle, including the car carburetor, dynamic lift on an airplane wing (aerofoil), and the Bunsen burner.

  These notes provide a thorough and complete guide to the Form 2 Physics syllabus. They are well-organized, neat, and printable, featuring clear explanations, diagrams, worked examples, and practical experiments. This makes them an excellent and comprehensive resource for students for their year-long study and KCSE revision, as well as for teachers in preparing their lessons.

• File Size:

  3.13 MB
• Length:

  39 pages
• Category:

  Lesson Notes
• Level:

  Form 2
• Subject:

  PHYSICS
• Posted By:

  CALEBPETER

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