Summary

• Description:

  The PDF document comprises Form 3 Chemistry Nitrogen and Its Compounds Notes.

  The document covers the following topics and sub-topics:

  • 1. Nitrogen
    • Isolation of Nitrogen from Air (Laboratory method and Fractional distillation).
    • Laboratory preparation of nitrogen.
    • Physical and chemical properties of nitrogen.
    • Uses of Nitrogen.
  • 2. Oxides of Nitrogen
    • Nitrogen(I) oxide (Dinitrogen oxide): Laboratory preparation, properties, and uses.
    • Nitrogen(II) Oxide (Nitrogen Monoxide): Laboratory preparation and properties.
    • Nitrogen(IV) Oxide (Nitrogen Dioxide): Preparation, properties, and uses.
  • 3. Ammonia
    • Laboratory preparation of Ammonia, including drying and collection methods.
    • Properties of Ammonia: Physical properties, solubility (Fountain experiment), reactions with metal ions, reaction with acids, and catalytic oxidation.
    • Large Scale Manufacture of Ammonia: The Haber Process, including raw materials, process conditions, and a flow chart.
    • Uses of Ammonia.
  • 4. Nitrogenous Fertilisers
    • Types of fertilisers: Ammonium sulphate, Ammonium nitrate, Ammonium phosphate, Urea, and Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN).
    • Calculation of the percentage of nitrogen in various fertilisers.
  • 5. Nitric(V) Acid
    • Laboratory preparation of nitric(V) acid.
    • Industrial Manufacture of Nitric (V) Acid: The Ostwald process, complete with a flow diagram.
    • Reactions of Dilute and Concentrated Nitric (V) Acid with metals, carbonates, and hydroxides.
    • Uses of Nitric(V) Acid.
  • 6. Nitrates
    • The action of Heat on various metal nitrates.
    • The confirmatory "brown ring test" for nitrates.
  • 7. Pollution Effects of Nitrogen Compounds
    • Formation of atmospheric pollutants like acid rain and smog.
    • Environmental impact of fertiliser use.
    • Measures to reduce environmental pollution by nitrogen compounds.
  • 8. Review Exercises
    • A collection of past KCSE questions related to the topics covered.

  These notes provide a thorough and systematic exploration of Nitrogen and its essential compounds. They are well-structured, featuring detailed explanations, clear diagrams for experimental setups, and relevant chemical equations for all reactions. The content is comprehensive, making it a perfect tool for KCSE candidates aiming for in-depth revision and for teachers preparing engaging lessons. The inclusion of numerous review exercises from past national examinations offers valuable practice for exam success.

• File Size:

  1.62 MB
• Length:

  31 pages
• Category:

  Lesson Notes
• Level:

  Form 3
• Subject:

  CHEMISTRY
• Posted By:

  Caleb_Peter

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